Is your pup keeping you up all night with their incessant scratching, licking and biting? If you think you’re distraught, imagine how your dog feels!

The medical term for scratching related to excessive itching is pruritus – and it is the second most common reason dog’s visit the vet.

One of the first signs of a problem may be the development of acute moist dermatitis, better known as a “hot spot” – a red, irritated area caused by persistent chewing, licking, scratching, or rubbing. Once an area become irritated, dogs relentlessly scratch, lick, or bite, causing hot spots to pop up rather quickly.

Uncovering the Cause

Dogs scratch, lick, or chew for a wide variety of reasons, ranging from allergies to boredom to parasite infestation:

• Allergies
  Scratching is often the result of allergies to food or environmental triggers. Your pup may develop a skin irritation called contact dermatitis when they encounter substances like pesticides or soap.

• Boredom or Anxiety
  Just like people with anxiety might bite their nails, dogs can show physical responses when they’re upset too!

• Dry Skin
  A variety of factors, including winter weather and fatty acid deficiencies, can cause dry skin in dogs.

• Hormonal Imbalances
  If your dog’s body is not producing enough thyroid hormone or putting out too much cortisol, superficial skin infections can occur. You may notice bald spots, and your dog may scratch or lick as if bothered by allergies.

• Pain
  Be sure to consider the possibility that something is causing pain or discomfort. For example, if you notice your pup biting their paw, it could be a thorn or rock stuck in his foot pad. Compulsive chewing or licking can also be a result of orthopedic problems, such as arthritis and hip dysplasia.

• Parasites
  Fleas, ticks, and mites are among the most common causes for licking, chewing, and scratching. Don’t assume your pup isn’t suffering from parasites just because you can’t see them – fleas often go unnoticed until there is a large infestation, and mites are microscopic!

From changing food, eliminating parasites, topical medication, behavioral modification and more, there are many possible solutions to this “irritating” issue! As soon as you notice a problem, it’s time for a visit to the vet to help you figure out the cause and determine the best treatment plan for your pup.